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Realistic Model of the Sky
Kussior, Zdeněk ; Bílek, Václav (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
The paper describes a theoretical base and realization of realistic volumetric clouds visualization in an environment of real-time simulator. The first part is concerned with a meteorological background of this problem. I show international classification of ten basic cloud types including a short description and cases of occurence. The following part is concerned with an interaction between cloudiness and simulation core, which is based on the fact, that each cloud acts as a mechanical or an electromagnetic obstacle. This should be considered on some way in simulation. The next part describes technologies and practical implementations of visualization and evaluates their characteristics. Finally, the last chapter describes my implementation and tries to outline project advancement.
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Climatic determinates of elevation ranges in tropical vertebrates
Vobořilová, Kateřina ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Šmíd, Jiří (referee)
Tropical regions are amongst the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. The significant species richness of these ecosystems is evident in the number of vertebrate species due to their distribution along altitudinal gradients. The distribution of vertebrates throughout altitudinal gradients is a natural phenomenon by which vertebrates respond to diverse abiotic conditions. Together with the geographic distribution of mountains, biotic influences, thermal physiology of individual vertebrate groups or climatic changes, these abiotic conditions create specific conditions for vertebrates. All of these factors may contribute to the spread of vertebrates to lower or higher altitudes. They may also influence altitudinal migration, depending on the adaptation of individual vertebrate species. In this thesis I focused on how individual abiotic determinants such as temperature, precipitation and air humidity, as well as climatic changes, can positively or negatively influence the distribution ranges of four vertebrate groups along elevational gradients of tropical mountains. Keywords: temperature, precipitation, cloudiness, tropics, elevation, geographical distribution, species richness
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Relationship between the UV index and selected parameters
Tomanová, Helena ; Pokorná, Lucie (advisor) ; Metelka, Ladislav (referee)
Relationship between the UV index and selected parameters Abstract Ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation) is a shortwave radiation with wavelengths from 100 to 400 nm. This radiation has both positive and negative effects on living organisms and human health. Therefor the so-called UV index (UVI), characterizing the biological effect of UV radiation on human health was defined in 1994. This thesis aims to evaluate the link between selected factors (total ozone column, solar elevation angel, cloudiness and altitude) and the UVI values. Observed data at four stations in Czechia (Hradec Králové, Košetice, Kuchařovice, Labská bouda) and SYNOP reports from the four nearest stations during the period 2010−2017 were used. The Sun elevation (angle of Sun ray) has the strongest effect on the UVI values. The highest UVI values are generally reached at high angels when the Sun rays go the shortest path through the atmosphere. The increase of the UVI is exponential, from an angle of 30ř the increase is approximately linear. The UVI values increase on average by 0.8 at the Hradec Králové station and by 0.9 at the Labská bouda station for angle increasing by 5ř. The effect of clouds is significant and depends on the height and the clouds amount. High level clouds reduce UVI negligible, overcast sky by only 15 %. Medium and...
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Usage possibilities of the cloud products of satellite datasets
Šácha, Petr
Title Usage possibilities of the cloud products of satellite datasets Author: Bc. Petr Šácha Department: Department of Meteorology and Environment Protection Supervisor: RNDr. Petr Pišoft Ph.D. Supervisor's e-mail address: Petr.Pisoft@mff.cuni.cz Abstract: Cloudiness plays an important role in the global energy and water cycle. In particular, the presence of clouds dominates the planetary albedo and takes part in many climate feedback processes. In this thesis a short informational overview of remote sensing, a description of EUMETSAT, satellites, which it used, its part CM- SAF and a search retrieval of current research is given at first. Then the study is focused on the cloud satellite products, especially on CFC (cloud fractional cover) and CTY (cloud type) products. Data sets of daily averages of these products are compared with the daily averages created from the surface SYNOP observations of the total cloud cover and cloud type in the area of the Czech Republic. In the case of big variances between the two examined datasets of daily averaged cloud coverage, possible causes like the sampling error, dependence on season, localization of the station and the elevation and type of cloudiness, are searched. Several statistic analyses and validation scores are computed. Finally, possibilities of the examined...
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Realistic Model of the Sky
Kussior, Zdeněk ; Bílek, Václav (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
The paper describes a theoretical base and realization of realistic volumetric clouds visualization in an environment of real-time simulator. The first part is concerned with a meteorological background of this problem. I show international classification of ten basic cloud types including a short description and cases of occurence. The following part is concerned with an interaction between cloudiness and simulation core, which is based on the fact, that each cloud acts as a mechanical or an electromagnetic obstacle. This should be considered on some way in simulation. The next part describes technologies and practical implementations of visualization and evaluates their characteristics. Finally, the last chapter describes my implementation and tries to outline project advancement.
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Long-Term Changes in Cloudiness and Sunshine Duration in Europe
Bílková, Jarmila ; Huth, Radan (advisor) ; Holtanová, Eva (referee)
LONG-TERM CHANGES IN CLOUDINESS AND SUNSHINE DURATION IN EUROPE Abstract The aim of this paper is to study long-term changes of two climatological parameters known as sunshine duration (SD) and cloudiness (CC) using several stations data located in Europe in the period 1965 - 2016. This paper is devided into two main parts. First part is paying attention to the literary research, which firstly introduce the chosen climatical variables (SD and CC) and then introduce the issue of the already known long term changes of this variables. Second part of this work is based on practical research. This paper uses a statistical linear regression to find out the seasonal and annual trends in sunshine duration and cloudiness. Data series were obtained from database ECA&D in total from 48 european climatic stations. Klíčová slova: cloud cover, sunshine duration, climate change, trends, Europe
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Usage possibilities of the cloud products of satellite datasets
Šácha, Petr
Title Usage possibilities of the cloud products of satellite datasets Author: Bc. Petr Šácha Department: Department of Meteorology and Environment Protection Supervisor: RNDr. Petr Pišoft Ph.D. Supervisor's e-mail address: Petr.Pisoft@mff.cuni.cz Abstract: Cloudiness plays an important role in the global energy and water cycle. In particular, the presence of clouds dominates the planetary albedo and takes part in many climate feedback processes. In this thesis a short informational overview of remote sensing, a description of EUMETSAT, satellites, which it used, its part CM- SAF and a search retrieval of current research is given at first. Then the study is focused on the cloud satellite products, especially on CFC (cloud fractional cover) and CTY (cloud type) products. Data sets of daily averages of these products are compared with the daily averages created from the surface SYNOP observations of the total cloud cover and cloud type in the area of the Czech Republic. In the case of big variances between the two examined datasets of daily averaged cloud coverage, possible causes like the sampling error, dependence on season, localization of the station and the elevation and type of cloudiness, are searched. Several statistic analyses and validation scores are computed. Finally, possibilities of the examined...
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